1-[4-(2-chlorophenoxy)butyl]imidazole, also known as **butaconazole**, is a synthetic antifungal agent belonging to the imidazole class. It has a wide range of applications in research, including:
**1. Antifungal Activity:**
* Butaconazole exhibits **potent antifungal activity** against a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens, including dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds.
* It acts by **inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol**, a key component of fungal cell membranes. This disruption leads to cell membrane dysfunction and ultimately, fungal cell death.
**2. Research on Fungal Pathogenesis:**
* As a potent antifungal agent, butaconazole is used in **research studies investigating the mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis.**
* It helps researchers understand how fungal cells grow, proliferate, and cause infections.
* Butaconazole is also used to develop **new antifungal drugs with improved efficacy and safety profiles.**
**3. Model System for Studying Drug Resistance:**
* Butaconazole is used as a **model compound to study the development of drug resistance in fungi**.
* Understanding how fungi develop resistance to butaconazole can help researchers develop strategies to overcome these challenges and maintain the effectiveness of antifungal therapies.
**4. Agricultural Research:**
* Butaconazole is also used in **agricultural research to control fungal diseases in crops**.
* It helps protect crops from fungal pathogens, improving crop yields and reducing economic losses.
**5. Veterinary Research:**
* Butaconazole is used in **veterinary research to treat fungal infections in animals**.
* It helps veterinarians control fungal infections in pets and livestock, improving animal health and welfare.
**Overall, 1-[4-(2-chlorophenoxy)butyl]imidazole (butaconazole) is a versatile antifungal agent that plays a crucial role in research, aiding in understanding fungal pathogenesis, developing new antifungal drugs, and improving the control of fungal infections in various settings.**
1-[4-(2-chlorophenoxy)butyl]imidazole : An aromatic ether that is 2-chlorophenol in which the phenolic hydrogen has been substituted by a 4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)butyl group.
ID Source | ID |
---|---|
PubMed CID | 3839220 |
CHEMBL ID | 1368437 |
CHEBI ID | 105048 |
Synonym |
---|
CBMICRO_019311 |
BIM-0019369.P001 |
MLS000106146 |
smr000103116 |
CHEBI:105048 |
1-[4-(2-chlorophenoxy)butyl]-1h-imidazole |
1-[4-(2-chlorophenoxy)butyl]imidazole |
CCG-7389 |
HMS2450G16 |
CHEMBL1368437 |
Q27182730 |
Class | Description |
---|---|
aromatic ether | Any ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent. |
imidazoles | A five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton. |
monochlorobenzenes | Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring in which only one substituent is chlorine. |
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] |
Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain A, Cruzipain | Trypanosoma cruzi | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0020 | 14.6779 | 39.8107 | AID1476 |
TDP1 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.8279 | 0.0008 | 11.3822 | 44.6684 | AID686978; AID686979 |
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3096 | 0.0013 | 18.0743 | 39.8107 | AID926; AID938 |
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.5821 | 0.0041 | 9.9848 | 25.9290 | AID504444 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8489 | 0.3162 | 12.7657 | 31.6228 | AID881 |
Histamine H2 receptor | Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig) | Potency | 15.8489 | 0.0063 | 8.2350 | 39.8107 | AID881 |
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
iron ion binding | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
calcium ion binding | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
protein binding | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
lipid binding | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase activity | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
arachidonate 8(S)-lipoxygenase activity | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase activity | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] |
Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
nucleus | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
cytosol | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
cytoskeleton | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
plasma membrane | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
adherens junction | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
focal adhesion | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
membrane | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
extracellular exosome | Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B | Homo sapiens (human) |
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] |
Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
---|---|---|---|---|
AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
AID504812 | Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
AID651635 | Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
AID1745845 | Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
AID504810 | Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 1 (20.00) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 3 (60.00) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 1 (20.00) | 2.80 |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (12.56) All Compounds (24.57) |
Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
---|---|---|
Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
Reviews | 0 (0.00%) | 6.00% |
Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
Other | 5 (100.00%) | 84.16% |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |